Guernsey ( Ã, ( listen ) ) is an island in the English Channel off the coast of Normandy. It lies approximately north of St Malo and to the west of the Cotentin Peninsula. With some of the smaller nearby islands, it forms jurisdiction within the Bailiwick of Guernsey, the Crown's reliance. The jurisdiction consists of ten parishes on the island of Guernsey, three other inhabited islands (Herm, Jethou and Lihou), and many small islands and rocks.
Video Guernsey
Status konstitusi
Jurisdiction is not part of the United Kingdom, although defense and most foreign relations are handled by the British Government.
All jurisdictions situated within the Common Travel Area of ​​the British Isles and non-EU members, but have a special relationship with it, are treated as part of the European Community with access to a single market for the purpose of free trade of goods. Together with separate jurisdictions Alderney and Sark form the Bailiwick of Guernsey.
Two Bailiwicks of Guernsey and Jersey together form a geographical grouping known as the Channel Islands.
Maps Guernsey
Name
The name "Guernsey", as well as the neighboring name "Jersey", comes from an Ancient Norse origin. The second element of each word, "-i", is the Old Norse for the "island", whereas the original root, "guern (s)", is an uncertain origin and meaning, probably derived from a personal name such as Grani or Warinn, or from gron , which means pine tree.
The previous names for the Channel Islands vary throughout history, but include the island Lenur , and Sarnia , Sarnia is the Latin name for Guernsey, or Lisia Guernsey) and Angia (Jersey).
History
Initial history
Around 6000 BC, rising seas created the English Channel and separated Norman's bailiwicks from Guernsey and Jersey from the European continent. Neolithic peasants then settled on their shores and built dolmens and menhirs found on today's islands, providing evidence of human existence since about 5000 BC.
The evidence of Roman settlement on the island, and the discovery of amphorae from the Herculaneum and Spanish regions, shows evidence of an elaborate trading network with long-distance and regional trade. The building is found in La Plaiderie, St Peter Port originating from 100-400 AD appears to be a warehouse. The earliest proof of delivery was the discovery of a shipwreck at the port of St Peter Port of a ship, dubbed "Asterix". It is regarded as a 3rd century Roman cargo ship and may be anchored or grounded when a fire occurs. The journey from the Gwent Kingdom, Saint Sampson, then the abbot of Dol in Brittany, is credited with the introduction of Christianity to Guernsey.
Medieval
In 933 AD, the Cotentin Peninsula including Avranchin belonging to the islands, was placed by the French King Ranulf under the control of William I. Guernsey and other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Duchy of Normandy. In 1204, when King John lost the continent part of the Duchy to Philip II of France, the islands remained a part of the British empire. The islands were later recognized by the Treaty 1259 of Paris as part of the territory of Henry III.
During the Middle Ages, the island was a haven for pirates who would use "lean techniques" to land vessels close to their waters. This intensified during the Hundred Years War, when, beginning in 1339, the island was occupied by Capetians on several occasions. Guernsey's militia was first mentioned operating in 1331 and will help defend the island for over 600 years.
In 1372, the island was attacked by the Aragon mercenaries under the command of Owain Lawgoch (remembered as Yvon de Galles ), who paid the French king. Owain and his dark-haired baby soldiers were then absorbed into the Guernsey legend for attacking elf from across the ocean.
Early modern period
As part of the peace between England and France, Pope Sixtus IV issued in 1483 a Papal whale giving the Privilege of Neutrality, in which their islands, ports and seas, as far as the eye could see, were considered neutral territories. Anyone who fled from the island will be ostracized. A Royal Charter in 1548 confirmed its neutrality. Not that France behaved, as they tried to invade Jersey a year later in 1549 but were defeated by militia. Neutrality lasted a century longer, until William III of England abolished privileges for privateering activities against Dutch ships.
In the mid-16th century, the island was influenced by the Calvinist reformers from Normandy. During the Marian persecution, three women, Guernsey martyrs, were burned at the stake because of their Protestant beliefs.
During the British Civil War, Guernsey took sides with members of Parliament. However, loyalty is not total; there were several Kingdom rebellions on the island's southwest, while Castle Cornet was occupied by the Governor, Sir Peter Osborne, and Royalist troops. In December 1651, with the full honor of war, Castle Cornet surrendered - the last Royalist positions anywhere in the British Isles to surrender.
The war against France and Spain during the 17th and 18th centuries gave Guernsey ship owners and sea captains the opportunity to exploit the island's proximity to mainland Europe by filing a marque letter and turning their merchants into privateers.
At the beginning of the 18th century, Guernsey residents began to settle in North America, in particular establishing Guernsey County in Ohio in 1810. The threat of invasion by Napoleon pushed many of the defense structures built at the end of the century. The beginning of the 19th century saw a dramatic increase in island prosperity, due to its success in global maritime trade, and the rise of the stone industry. The maritime trade is greatly reduced by moving from sailing ships because materials such as iron and steel are not available on the island.
Le Braye du Valle is a tidal channel that makes the northern extremity of Guernsey, Le Clos du Valle, an island of ups and downs. Le Braye du Valle was drained and reclaimed in 1806 by the British Government as a means of defense. The eastern end of the former channel became the city and harbor (from 1820) St. Sampson, now the second largest port in Guernsey. The western end of La Braye is now Le Grand Havre. The road called "The Bridge" at the end of the harbor at St. Sampson reminded the bridge that previously connected two parts of Guernsey during high tide. New roads are being built and major roads are being melted for ease of use by the military.
Contemporary period
During the First World War, about 3,000 island men served in the British Expeditionary Forces. Of these, about 1,000 are served in the Guernsey Kingdom Infantry regiment set up from the Guernsey Guard in 1916.
From June 30, 1940, during the Second World War, the Channel Islands were occupied by German forces. Before the occupation, 80% of Guernsey's children had been evacuated to England to live with relatives or strangers during the war. Some children never reunite with their families. The occupying German forces deported more than 1,000 Guernsey residents to camps in southern Germany, especially to Lager Lindele (Lindele Camp) near Biberach an der RiÃÆ'Ÿ and to Laufen. Guernsey was severely guarded during World War II, out of proportion to the island's strategic value. German defense and change remain visible, especially for Castle Cornet and around the north coast of the island. The island was released on May 9, 1945, now celebrated as Liberation Day in both Guernsey and Jersey.
During the 1940s, the island repaired the damage caused to its buildings during the occupation. The tomato industry began again and grew rapidly until the 1970s when it hit a sharp decline in the terminal. Tourism remains important. Financial business grew in the 1970s and expanded in the next two decades and is an important company. Guernsey's constitutional and commercial relations with Britain and the EU will not be affected by Brexit.
Geography
Located around 49Ã,  ° 35? N 2Ã,  ° 20? W , Guernsey, Herm and several other smaller islands together have a total area of ​​71 square kilometers (27 m²) and coastline about 46 kilometers (29 mi). The altitude varies from sea level to 110 m (360 ft) at Hautnez in Guernsey.
There are many small islands, small islands, coral reefs and reefs in Guernsey waters. Combined with tidal ranges of 10 meters (33 feet) and fast current up to 12 knots, this makes cruising in the local waters hazardous. The enormous tidal variations provide an environmentally rich inter-tidal zone around the island, and some sites have received the Ramsar Convention appointment.
Climate
The Guernsey climate is temperate with cool winters and warm, sunny summers. It is classified as a marine climate, with dry summer trends, although slightly wetter than the Mediterranean summer. The hottest months are July and August, when temperatures are generally around 20Ã, Â ° C (68Ã, Â ° F) with some days sometimes going above 24Ã, Â ° C (75Ã, Â ° F). On average, the coldest month is February with an average average air temperature of 6 Â ° C (42.8 Â ° F) weekly. Average weekly air temperatures reached 16 Â ° C (60.8 Â ° F) in August. The snow rarely goes down and is unlikely to settle, but will most likely fall in February. Temperature rarely falls below freezing, although a strong cold wind from the Arctic wind can sometimes make it that way. The driest months are December (mean 112 mm (4.4 inches), November (average 104 mm (4.09 inches) and January (average 92 mm (3.62 inches)). is, on average, the brightest month with 250 hours of recorded sunlight, December at least with 58 hours of recorded sun, 50% of cloudy days.
A record number is set in 2014. It is the highest annual average temperature of 12.4 Â ° C (54.3 Â ° F). This is 0.3 Â ° C (0.54 Â ° F) higher than in other years, due to the almost absence of cold locks during the winter months. Three very wet months mean winter is the wettest record. Halloween was warmer than the others, with temperatures peaking at 18.3 ° C (64.9 ° F).
Geology
Guernsey has a geological history that extends farther into the past than most of Europe. It is part of the French geological province known as Armorican Massif. There is a vast geological division between the north and south of the Island. The Southern Metamorphic Complex is elevated above the northern Northern Igneous Complex which is younger and lower. Guernsey has undergone a complex geological evolution (especially the rocks in the southern compound) with several identifiable phases of intrusion and deformation.
Guernsey consists of nine major rock types, two of which are granite and the rest speak.
Politics
Guernsey is a parliamentary representative democracy and is legally dependent on the British Empire. Lieutenant Governor Guernsey is "representative of the Crown on the right rÃÆ' Â © publique of Bailiwick of Guernsey". The official residence of the Lieutenant Governor is the Government House. Since 2016 the incumbent has been Vice Admiral Sir Ian Corder KBE, CB, replacing its predecessor, Air Marshal Peter Walker, who has died in the post. The post was made in 1835 as a result of the abolition of the post of Governor. Since then, the Lieutenant Governor has always lived locally.
Guernsey Society
The deliberative Assembly of the Guernsey Country (Æ' <<<
A projet de loi is equivalent to a UK or French bill projet de loi , and the law is equivalent to the English or French parliamentary measures loi . A draft law passed by States can not have any legal effect until it is officially approved by His Majesty in the Council and announced through an order on the council. The law was granted Royal Sanctions at regular meetings of the Council of Advisers in London, after which they were returned to the islands for official registration at the Royal Court. The states also make delegated legislation known as Ordinances (Ordonnances) and Order (Ordres ) that do not require Royal Assent. The initial order is usually in the form of an ordinance.
Policies and Resources The Committee is responsible for Guernsey's constitutional and external affairs, develops strategic and corporate policies and coordinates American business. It also examines proposals and Reports placed in the Guernsey Parliament (Country Deliberation) by the Ministries and Non-State Bodies. The President of the Committee is the head of the de facto government of Guernsey.
Legal system
The Guernsey legal system is derived from Norman Customary Law, overlaid with principles derived from English common law and Equity as well as from legislation passed by the competent legislature (s) - usually, but not always, the State of Guernsey. Guernsey has an almost complete autonomy over internal affairs and certain external things. However, the Crown - that is, the British Government - retains unclear reserve power to intervene in the domestic affairs of one of the five Crown Depends in the British Isles "for the sake of good governance." The British Parliament is also Guernsey's legal source for things reserved to Britain, defense and foreign affairs.
The Chief Justice of Guernsey is the Bailiff, who, as well as performs the judicial functions of a Supreme Court Justice, is also the head of the State of Guernsey and has certain civil, ceremonial and executive functions. Bailiff function can be done by Vice Bailiff. Posts from Bailiff and Vice Bailiff are Crown designations. Sixteen Jurats, which do not require special legal training, are elected by the Electoral States from among the islands. They act as jurors, as judges in civil and criminal cases and correct penalties in criminal cases. First mentioned in 1179, there is a list of Jurats who have served since 1299.
The oldest court in Guernsey can be traced back to the 9th century. The main tribunal is the Royal Court and carries out civil and criminal jurisdiction. Additional courts, such as the Court of Justice, which deal with minor criminal matters, and the Court of Appeals, which heard of the Royal Court appeal, have been added to the island's legal system for many years.
External relations
Some European countries have consular presence in jurisdictions. The French Consulate is based in the former Victor Hugo residence at Hauteville House.
While the jurisdiction of Guernsey has full autonomy over internal affairs and certain external matters, the complete independence topic of the United Kingdom has been discussed extensively and frequently, with ideas ranging from Guernsey gaining independence as Dominion to Guernsey bailiwicks and unification of Jersey and forming the Federal State who are independent within the Commonwealth, where the two islands maintain their independence with regard to domestic affairs but internationally, the islands will be regarded as one country.
Parish
Guernsey has ten parishes, who act as civil administration districts, with limited strength. Each parish is managed by Douzaine, usually consisting of twelve members, known as Douzeniers. Douzeniers was elected for a six-year mandate, two Douzeniers elected by parishes at parish meetings in November each year. The senior Douzenier is known as Doyen (Dean). Two Constables selected ( ConnÃÆ' Â © table ) executed Douzaine's decision, serving between one and three years. The Constable serves the longest known as Senior Police and his colleague as Young Police. The Douzaines levied the Occupation Rate on the property to provide funds to run the administration.
The Guernsey Parish in the British Parish falls under the Canterbury Throne, having split from Winchester diocese in 2014. The largest parish is Castel, while the most crowded is St Peter Port.
Economy
Financial services, such as banking, fund management, and insurance, cover about 37% of GDP. Tourism, manufacturing, and horticulture, especially tomatoes and cut flowers, especially freesia, have declined. Light taxes and death penalty make Guernsey a popular offshore financial center for private equity funds.
Guernsey has no Central Bank and issues its own sterling and banknotes. British coins and banknotes (English, Scottish and Northern Irish faces) also circulate freely and alternately. The island's total investment fund, which is used to fund future retirement and island costs, reached 2.7 billion pounds as of June 2016. The island issues 30-year bonds in December 2015 for  £ 330 million, its first bond in 80 years. The island has been rated AA-/A-1 credit with stable outlook from Standard & amp; Poor.
Guernsey has the official ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code GG and the official ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 code GGY ; Market data vendors, such as Reuters, will report products related to Guernsey using the alpha-3 code.
In March 2016 there were more than 32,291 people employed in Guernsey with 4,864 entrepreneurs. 2,453 hired business. 19.6% work in the financial industry and the median income is Ã, Â £ 31,215.
Infrastructure
Public services, such as water, sewage, two major ports and airports are still owned and controlled by the State of Guernsey. Electricity and postal services have been commercialized by the United States and are now operated by companies wholly owned by the State of Guernsey. Gas is supplied by independent private companies. In 1998, Guernsey and Jersey jointly formed the Grid Islands Electricity Grid to operate and manage submarine cables between Europe and the Channel Islands. This cable installation provides the island with a secure form of power backup, as it previously only had access to a diesel generator.
Guernsey Telecoms, which provides telecommunications, is sold by the United States to Cable & amp; Wireless plc, renamed Sure and sold to Batelco in April 2013. Newtel was the first alternative telecommunication company on the island and was acquired by Wave Telecom in 2010 and later renamed to Jersey Telecom. Airtel-Vodafone also provides mobile networks.
Both Guernsey Post mail boxes (since 1969) and phone boxes (since 2002) are painted blue, but are instead identical to their British counterparts, red pillar boxes and red phone boxes. In 2009 the phone box at the bus station was painted yellow as it used to be when Guernsey Telecoms belonged to the state. The oldest surviving pillar box still in use in the British Isles can be found on Union Street, St. Peter Port and dates back to 1853.
Transportation
The harbor and harbor are on St Peter Port and St. Sampson. There is a single paved airport, Guernsey Airport. The state of Guernsey fully owns their own airline, Aurigny. The decision to purchase the airline was made to protect important air links to and from the island and the sale was completed on May 15, 2003.
The Guernsey Railway, effectively an electric tram, began work on February 20, 1892 and was abandoned on June 9, 1934. It replaced the steam-made transportation system, the Guernsey Steam Tramway, which has been operating since June 6, 1879 with six locomotives. Alderney is now the only Channel Island with a functioning railway line.
Guernsey has a public bus service, operated by CT Plus on behalf of the State of the Environment and Infrastructure of Guernsey.
Business
In 2014, the financial industry forms the largest economic sector in Guernsey, generating about 40% of Guernsey's GDP and directly employing about 21% of its workforce. Banks began to establish operations on the island from the early 1960s onwards to avoid high ground taxes and restrictive regulations. The industry regulator is the Guernsey Financial Services Commission, established in 1987.
Before the growth of the financial industry, the main industry on the island was excavation and horticulture. The latter mainly declined as a result of the oil price shocks of the 1970s and the introduction of cheap North Sea gas in favor of Dutch farmers. Guernsey is home to the Specsavers Optical Group and Healthspan also has its headquarters in Guernsey.
Tourism
Guernsey has been a tourist destination since at least the days of Victoria, with the first tour guide published in 1834. In the 19th century, two railroad companies (London and the South Western Railway and Great Western Railway) ran competing ships from mainland England to Stern Peter Port, with the race to the only comfortable place. It was stopped by the sinking of SS Stella in 1899.
Guernsey entered England in Bloom with St. Martin Parish winning a small town category twice in 2006 and 2011, Saint Peter Port won a major beach category in 2014 and St. Peter won a small beach prize in 2015. Herm has won England in several Bloom categories times: in 2002, 2008, and 2012, Herm won England at the Bloom Gold Award.
The island's military history has left a number of forts, including Castle Cornet, Fort Gray. Guernsey Pass Tower and many German castle collections with a number of museums.
The use of a dock in front of St. Peter Port by over 100 yachts a year brings over 100,000 passengers traveling to the island each year.
Taxation
Guernsey, Alderney and Sark each raised their own taxes, although in 1949 Alderney (but not Sark) transferred his fiscal right to Guernsey.
Personal tax responsibilities vary according to whether a person lives on the island or not. Individuals living in Guernsey Jurisdiction (which excludes Sark) pay income tax at a rate of 20% on their income worldwide, while non-residents are solely responsible for revenue arising from activities or holdings in Guernsey. Unlike in the UK, the income tax year in Guernsey is in line with the calendar year.
Since 2008, Guernsey has operated three corporate tax rates, depending on the source of income.
- 0% corporate tax rate in most companies.
- The 10% rate (income from banking business and, effective January 1, 2013, extended to domestic insurance business, fiduciary business, insurance intermediary business, and insurance business).
- Rate of 20% (income from trading activities regulated by the Office of the Director General of Utility Regulations, and income from ownership of land and buildings).
Guernsey does not levy capital gains, inheritance, capital transfers, value added (VAT/TVA) or general tax deductions. In Budget 2011, the UK announced that it would terminate the Low Value Liberation Assistance used to sell free VAT goods to customers throughout the UK, with this law coming into effect on 1 April 2012. Tax revenues represent 22.4% of GDP.
Society
Demographics
The population is 63,026 (July 2016 est.). The average age for men is 40 years and for women is 42 years. Population growth rate is 0.775% with 9.62 births/1.000 inhabitants, 8 deaths/1.000 inhabitants, and annual net migration 6.07/1.000 population. Life expectancy is 80.1 years for men and 84.5 years for women. The Bailiwick ranks 10th in the world by 2015 with an average life expectancy of 82.47 years.
Border control
All Guernsey jurisdictions are part of the Common Travel Area.
For immigration purposes and nationality it is the English law, and not the law of Guernsey, which applies (technically the Immigration Act of 1971, extended to Guernsey by the Order-in-Council). Guernsey may not apply different immigration controls to Britain.
Housing restrictions
Guernsey carries out population management mechanisms using restrictions on who can work on the island through the control of the property where people live. The housing market is divided between the local market property and a set number of open market properties. Anyone may stay in an open-market property, but local market properties can only be occupied by qualified people - either through birth in Guernsey (at least one local parent), by obtaining a housing license, or by dividing the property with an unqualified person ( living en famille ). As a result, the open market property is much more expensive to buy and rent. License of housing for a fixed period, often only valid for 4 years and only as long as the individual remains employed by the determined company Guernsey. The License determines the type of accommodation and specifics for the address where the person resides, and is often subjected to a police record check. This restriction applies equally regardless of whether the property is owned or leased, and only applies to property occupation. Thus a person whose housing permit expires may continue to own the Guernsey property, but will no longer be able to live in it. There is no limit on who may own the property.
There are a number of routes to qualify as "local" for residential purposes. Generally, enough to be born at least to one Guernsey parent and stay on the island for ten years in a twenty-year period. In the same way a partner (married or otherwise) from a local can obtain a local status. Many problems arise after premature separation, especially if they have small children or if a local spouse dies, in such situations personal circumstances and compassion can gain weight for local status requests. Once the "local" status has been reached, it remains valid for life. Even a long stay outside Guernsey did not cancel the "local" housing status.
Although the residents of Guernsey are full British citizens, the support that limits the right of establishment in other EU countries is placed in British citizens' passports connected only to the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man. If classified with "Status Islander", the British passport will be supported as follows: 'The holder is not eligible to benefit from EU provisions relating to employment or establishment'. Those who have parents or grandparents born in England themselves (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland), or who have lived in the UK for 5 years, are not subject to this restriction.
Education
Teaching in Guernsey is based on the UK National Curriculum. There are 10 primary schools, plus two junior high schools and three infant schools. By 2017, the island still has an 11-plus exam and students then transfer to one of four 11-16 high schools, or co-education grammar schools. There are also three fee-paying colleges with low schools, of which students over 11 receive grant support from the State of Guernsey. By 2016, the State of Guernsey voted to end use of the 11-plus exam from 2019 onwards. It is also responsible for education on neighboring islands.
The Department of Education is part of its secondary school rebuilding program. The department has completed the construction of the special needs school of Le Rondin, the Sixth Form Center at Grammar School and the first phase of the new College of Further Education - a performing arts center. The construction of St Sampsons High completed the summer of 2008 and admitted its first pupil in September 2008.
In 2008, the age of leaving school was raised so that the earliest date was the last Friday in June in the year when a 16-year-old student, in line with England, Wales and Northern Ireland. This means students will be between 15 and 10 months and 16 and 10 months before they can leave. Before this, students can leave school at the end of the semester where they reach the age of 14, if they want: a letter is required to be sent to the education department to confirm this. However, this option is done by relatively few students, the majority choosing to complete their GCSE and then begin work or continue their education.
Post-GCSE students have the option of transferring to State & amp; Sixth Form Center, or to an independent college for the US Academy/A Level/International Baccalureate Diploma Program. They also have the option of studying vocational subjects at the
There is no university on the island. Students attending universities in the UK receive state support for maintenance and school fees. In 2007, the Ministry of Education received approval from the State Assembly to introduce students' contributions to higher tuition fees, in the form of student loans, as applicable in the UK. However, shortly after the 2008 elections, the State Assembly voted for a RequÃÆ'ªte proposing the abolition of a student loan scheme on the grounds that it was expensive to run and would potentially prevent students from leaving, and then returning to the island from the university. In 2012, the Department of Education reports to the State Assembly that it is not necessary to re-examine the funding basis of higher education at this time.
Culture
English is a common language used by the majority of the population, while GuernÃÆ'Â Â © siais, Norman's language on the island, is spoken fluently by only about 2% of the population (according to the 2001 census). However, 14% of the population claim some understanding of the language. Until the early 20th century France was the only official language of Bailiwick, and all deeds for the sale and purchase of real estate in Guernsey were written in French until 1971. Family names and places reflect this linguistic heritage. George MÃÆ'Ã… © tivier, a poet, wrote in Guernesiais. The disappearance of island language and cultural Anglicisation, which began in the 19th century and went on indefinitely for a century, was accelerated sharply when the majority of island schoolchildren were evacuated to Britain for five years during the German occupation of 1940-45.
French Impressionist painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir visited the island in late summer of 1883. While on the island, he painted fifteen landscape images on the island, all featuring the bay and Moulin Huet beach on the south coast.
Guernsey cows are internationally renowned island icons. In addition to being rewarded for its rich condensed milk, which is claimed to have health benefits over milk from other breeds, Guernsey cattle are increasingly raised for their rich, flavor-rich, creamy beef, with butter made from Guernsey cow's milk. also has a distinctive yellow color. Since the 1960s the number of islanders raising these cattle for personal supply has been significantly reduced, the Guernsey cows can still occasionally be seen grazing in the general L'Ancresse.
Guernsey is also a breeding ground for goats known as the Golden Guernsey, which is distinguished by its golden mantle. At the end of the Second World War, Golden Guernsey was almost extinct due to cross-breeding on the island. This type of survival is largely credited to the work of a single woman, Miriam Milbourne, who managed to hide her flock from Germany during the occupation. Although no longer considered critically endangered, the breed remains on the watchlist of the Rare Breeds Survival Trust. The traditional explanation for donkeys (in French and Guernà © siais) is the steepness of St. Peter Port's streets which requires the animals to load for transportation (in contrast to the flat terrain of the rival's capital). from St. Helier in Jersey), though it is also used in reference to the headship of the Guernsey population. In turn, Guernseymen traditionally refer to Jerseymen as crapauds ("toads").
The so-called Guernsey Lily, Nerine sarniensis , is also used as a symbol of the island, although this species was introduced to the island from South Africa.
The local delicacy is ormer (Haliotis tuberculata ), various abalons are harvested under strict beach legislation at low spring. The traditional Guernsey recipe includes a soup called Guernsey Bean Jar, which is served primarily at the Viaer Marchi annual festival. The main ingredients include haricot and butter beans, pork and shins. Guernsey GÃÆ'Â ¢ che is a special bread made with raisins, sultanas and mixed skins.
Literature
Victor Hugo, upon arriving at Halloween 1855, wrote some of his most famous works while in exile in Guernsey, including Les MisÃÆ' Â © rables . His home in St Peter Port, Hauteville House, is now a museum run by the city of Paris. In 1866, he published a set of novels about Guernsey, Travailleurs de la Mer ( Toilers of the Sea ), which he dedicated to the island. Guernsey was home for fifteen years.
Mabel Collins (1851-1927), a productive theosofis and writer, was born in St. Peter Port, Guernsey.
Guernseyman G. B. Edwards wrote a critically acclaimed novel, "Ebenezer Le Page" published in 1981, including insights into Guernsey's life during the 20th century. In September 2008, a blue plaque was pasted at home in Braye Street where Edwards was raised.
Henry Watson Fowler moved to Guernsey in 1903. He and his brother Francis George Fowler compiled The King's English , Oxford Concise Dictionary and many Modern English on the island.
Sports
Guernsey participated in the biennial Island Game, held in 1987 and 2003 in Footes Lane. Guernsey has also participated as a country in himself at the Commonwealth Games since 1970. His first medal came in 1982 with his first gold in 1990.
In sporting events where Guernsey has no international representation, but the British World Countries compete separately, highly skilled islanders can choose to compete for one of the Country of Origin. However, the restrictions on subsequent transfers to represent other countries of origin. Footballer Matt Le Tissier, for example, can play for Scotland or Wales football teams, but opts for England instead. Football in Guernsey is run by the Guernsey Football Association. The top level of Guernsey football is the FNB Priaulx League where there are seven teams (Belgrave Wanderers, Northerners, Sylvans, St Martin, Rovers, Rangers and Vale Recreation). The second level is the Jackson League. In the 2011-12 season, Guernsey F.C. formed and entered the Joint Country League Division 1, becoming the first Channel Island club ever to compete in the English league. Guernsey became division champions comfortably on March 24, 2012, they won the Joint Country Challenge Grand Challenge on May 4, 2012. The second season they saw them promoted again on the final day in the presence of 1,754 fans of 'Green Lions', this time to the South Division One Isthmian League , although their equipment is severely affected not only by bad winter weather, but by their vital development into the FA Cup Vase semifinal. They play at level 8 British football pyramid. The Corbet Football Field, donated by Jurat Wilfred Corbet OBE in 1932, has cultivated this sport for many years. Recently, the island was upgraded to a bigger and better-quality stadium, in Footes Lane.
Guernsey has the second oldest tennis club in the world, in Kings (founded in 1857), with a court built in 1875. The island has produced world-class tennis players at Heather Watson as well as professional squash players at Martine Le Moignan, Lisa Opie and Chris Simpson.
Guernsey was declared an affiliate member by the International Cricket Council (ICC) in 2005 and an associate member in 2008. The Guernsey cricket team plays at the World Cricket League and the European Cricket Championship as well as the Sussex Cricket League.
Various forms of motorsport take place on the island, including racing on the sand on Vazon beach as well as a quarter mile "sprint" along the Vazon coast road. Le Val des Terres, a steep winding road up south from St Peter Port to Fort George, is often the focus of both local and international hiking races. In addition, World Car Tour Champion 2005, 2006 and 2007 Andy Priaulx is Guernseyman.
The racetrack at L'Ancresse Common was re-established in 2004 after a 13-year hiatus, with the first new race taking place on May 2, 2005. Racing was held on most bank holidays in May, with competitors from Guernsey as well as Jersey, France and Britain participating. Sea angling around Guernsey and other islands in Bailiwick from the beach or boat is a popular hobby for locals and visitors with Bailiwick who offer some UK notes.
See also
- Guernsey Outline
- Index of Guernsey related articles
- Guernsey's bibliography
- List of people from Guernsey
Note
References
Cooper's Glynis (October 31, 2006). Bad deeds & amp; suspicious death in Guernsey . Wharncliffe Book. ISBN: 978-1845630089.
External links
- Guernsey Country
- Government House Guernsey
- VisitGuernsey/Guernsey tourism
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments