C. Rajagopalachari (aka Rajaji) is the Chief Minister of the Madras Presidency of India England and Tamil Nadu of Independent India. He was the first member of the Indian National Congress to hold a position in the Madras Presidency. He served as Chief Minister for two periods spanning about five years. He was elected Chief Justice after the 1937 election in the Madras Presidency and served until 1939. He is also the first Chief Minister serving the State of Madras after the first election was held after India's independence. The second term of office lasted from 1952 to 1954.
Video Chief Ministership of Rajagopalachari
First term
Victory election
The election for the Legislative Assembly of Madras and the legislative council was conducted in 1937. This was the first election conducted after the formation of a bicameral legislature by the Indian Government Act of 1935. The Indian National Congress won 159 of the 215 seats in the assembly and 27 of the 56 seats on the council. Despite the majority party in the Assembly and the Council, Congress hesitates to form the Government. Their objections stem from the special powers granted to the Governor by the Indian Government Act of 1935. According to this measure, the Governor is given special responsibility in the field of Finance and control and absolute discretionary power over the cabinet on certain other issues. The governor has the power to reject the Cabinet. Congress refused to accept power (in all six provinces where they won) with such warnings.
The Madras governor, Lord Erskine, decided to establish a temporary Provisional Government with non-members and members of the opposition from the Legislative Council. V. S. Srinivasa Sastri first offered the Head of Government from the interim government but he refused to accept it. Finally the interim Government was formed with Kurkata Venkata Reddy Naidu from the Justice Party as Chief Minister on April 1, 1937. Congress leaders like S. Satyamurti were worried about the decision not to accept power. They are campaigning to convince the High Command of Congress (Mohandas K. Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru) to accept power within the limits set by the Indian Government Act. They also appeal to the British Government to guarantee that the Governor's special powers will not be abused. On June 22, Viceroy Linlithgow issued a statement stating the British Government's desire to work with Congress in implementing the 1935 Act.
On July 1, the Congressional Working Committee (CWC) agreed to form a Government in the province they won. On July 14, Rajaji was appointed Chief Minister.
Cabinet
Council of Ministers in Rajagopalachari Cabinet (July 15, 1937 - October 29, 1939):
- Changes On 7 January 1939, Raman Menon died and C. J. Varkey was appointed into the cabinet. Education portfolio was transferred from Subbarayan to Varkey instead of Subbarayan being charged for Court and Prison.
- Changes
- The Portfolio of Agriculture, Forest, Fisheries, Cin-chona, Rural Welfare, Community Projects and National Renewal Schemes were handed over to M. Bhaktavatsalam on 9 October 1953.
- C. Subramaniam is given an additional portfolio of education, information, and publicity.
- V. C. Palaniswamy Gounder is responsible for Veterinary, Animal Husbandry and Harijan welfare.
Prohibition
Rajaji introduced the The Prohibition Act in September 1937. It was the first time introduced in India. To compensate for the loss of income, he also introduced sales tax for the first time. The law punishes manufacturing, traffic and consumption of booze and intoxicating drugs in the area the Presidency was introduced. It was first introduced in Salem's home district on October 1, 1937. It will be extended to the Chittoor and Cuddapah districts on October 1, 1938 and to the North Arcot district on October 1, 1939. The provisions are included in the draft law at the Governor's insistence that British officials be exempt from the Prohibition. The government has a system to grant permission to individuals who consume foreign liquor. The governor has given orders that all Europeans who apply for a liquor license to be given one. People can travel to areas within the Presidency where Prohibition is not applied to alcohol consumption. There is a system for organizing licensed clubs, wine for religious purposes in the Church, and brandy at Hospitals for Medical purposes. Licenses are also granted for intercepts.
Temple Entry Act
Rajai who initially supported the idea of ​​the Temple Entry Draft proposed by M. C. King in January 1938 retreated subsequently and in return, supported the passage of the Malabar Temple Entry Code. The law opens waves for Harijan inclusion in temples in the Malabar area if caste Hindus in certain areas do not object. M. C. The king lodged a complaint with Gandhi in disillusionment with this amended Law.... His government subsequently issued the Temple Entrance License and the Indemnification Act in 1939.
Maps Chief Ministership of Rajagopalachari
Second term
Victory election
The election of 1952, the first election in Tamil Nadu after Indian independence did not produce a party with a clear majority. However, the Indian National Congress emerged as the largest party. Rajaji was invited by Sri Prakasa to form the Government on 1 April 1952 and was sworn in on April 10, 1952. He refused to run for the intermediate election and the Governor nominated him for the upper house of the assembly (Legislative Council). In July 1952 he was able to win a vote of confidence with the support of 200 members with 151 opposing the movement of faith.
Cabinet
Modification Scheme of Basic Education
The Basic Education Modified Scheme or The Basic Scheme of Primary Education or Madras Basic Education Scheme mentioned by critics as Kula Kalvi Thittam (Inheritance Education Policy), is a failed attempt at educational reforms introduced by the Government of India's National Congress of State of Madras, led by C. Rajagopalachari (Rajaji) in 1953. This scheme proposes the introduction of two shifts or sessions in primary school. In one regular teaching session will be conducted and during the second session, the students will be discharged to learn the work of their parents or attached to the farmer or the craftsman in the village. Be controversial and accused of being a caste scheme to perpetuate the caste hierarchy. The opposition to the scheme was led by Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK). The public opposition and internal differences of opinion in the congress led to the delay of the scheme. Dissatisfaction triggered among legislative members of Congress forced the resignation of Rajaji as Chief Minister. The scheme was imposed entirely by Rajaji's successor, Kamaraj in 1954.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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