Bile polyps are growth or growth-like lesions (polypoid lesions) on the gallbladder wall. The real polyp is the abnormal accumulation of mucous membrane tissue that would normally be shed by the body. The main types of polypoid growth of the gallbladder include polyp/cholesterol cholesterol, cholesterosis with gallbladder fibrous dysplasia, adenomyosis, hyperplastic cholecystosis, and adenocarcinoma.
Video Gallbladder polyp
Signs and symptoms
Most polyps do not cause any obvious symptoms. Bile polyps are usually discovered by chance when examining the abdomen with ultrasound for other conditions, usually abdominal pain.
Maps Gallbladder polyp
Pathology
Most small polyps (less than 1 cm) are not cancerous and may remain unchanged for years. However, when small polyps occur with other conditions, such as primary sclerosis cholangitis, they tend to be benign. Larger polyps are more likely to develop into adenocarcinoma.
Cholesterolosis is characterized by the growth of the gallbladder mucosal lining into projections such as the finger due to excessive accumulation of cholesterol and triglycerides in the macrophages in the epithelial lining. This cholesterol polyp is a benign bile polyp.
Adenomyosis illustrates the state of a sick gallbladder in which the gallbladder wall is very thick, due to the proliferation of subsurface layers. It is characterized by deep folds into the muskularis proprio. Ultrasonography can reveal a thickened gallbladder wall with intramural diverticles, called the Rokitansky-Aschoff sinus.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is usually done with ultrasound or CT imaging.
Treatment
Most polyps are benign and do not need to be discarded. Polyps larger than 1cm with gallstones occurring together in people over 50 years may have been expelled bile (cholecystectomy), especially if some polyps or appear malignant. Laparoscopic surgery is the choice for small or solitary polyps.
Epidemiology
Gallbladder polypoid lesions affect about 5% of the adult population. The cause is uncertain, but there is a definite correlation with increasing age and the presence of gallstones (cholelithiasis). Most affected individuals have no symptoms. The gallbladder polyps detected during abdominal ultrasonography are performed for other reasons.
Incidence of gallbladder polyps is higher among men than for women. The overall prevalence among men of Chinese descent is 9.5%, higher than other ethnic groups.
References
External links
- http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/gallbladder-polyps/AN01044
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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