Gallup, Inc. is a US-based global performance management consulting firm. Established by George Gallup in 1935, the company is known for its public poll conducted around the world. It provides strategic research and consulting for large organizations in many countries, focusing on "analytics and suggestions to help leaders and organizations solve their most pressing problems".
Some of the main areas of practice that Gallup mentions are employee engagement, customer engagement, talent management, and well-being. Gallup has 30 offices in over 20 countries, employing about 2,000 people in four divisions: Gallup Poll, Gallup Consulting, Gallup University, and Gallup Press.
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History
George Gallup founded the American Institute of Public Opinion, the predecessor of the Gallup Organization, in Princeton, New Jersey, in 1935. He wanted to objectively determine the opinions held by people. To ensure his independence and objectivity, Gallup decides that he will not make a paid vote or sponsored by special interest groups such as Republicans and Democrats.
In 1936, Gallup successfully predicted that Franklin Roosevelt would defeat Alfred Landon for the US presidency; this event popularized the company and made them leaders in the American poll. In 1938, Gallup and Gallup Vice President David Ogilvy began to conduct market research for advertising companies and the film industry. In 1958, the modern Gallup Organization was formed when George Gallup grouped all voting operations into one organization.
In 1985, the organization began to organize graphics sales of video games in the UK.
After the death of Gallup in 1984, his family sold the company to Selection Research, Incorporated (SRI), a research firm headquartered in Omaha, Nebraska, in 1988. SRI, founded in 1969 by psychologist Don Clifton, pioneered the use of talent-based structured psychological interviews. SRI wants the Gallup name used in its polls, which gives them credibility and a higher response rate. Today's polls are used to gain visibility.
George Gallup, Jr., founded the non-profit George H. Gallup Foundation as part of an acquisition agreement. Gallup Jr. died on 21 November 2011.
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Gallup Poll
Polls in the United States
The Gallup Poll is the division of Gallup that regularly conducts public polls. Polling Polls, analysis and video results are published daily in the form of data-driven news. Conducting a poll carries a company's financial loss of about $ 10 million per year, but gives Gallup a well-known brand visibility company, which helps promote its company's research.
Historically, Gallup Polls have measured and tracked public attitudes about political, social, and economic issues, including sensitive or controversial subjects.
Gallup Daily Tracking Methodology
Gallup Daily tracking consists of two surveys: Gallup U.S. Daily political and economic surveys and the Gallup-Health Welfare Index. For both surveys, Gallup conducts 500 interviews across the US per day, 350 days a year, with 70% on mobile and 30% on home phones. Gallup The daily tracking methodology relies on direct interviewers, dual-frame random-digit-dial sampling (which includes home phones as well as cell phone sampling to reach those living in households who use cell phones only), and using multi-call design to reach the respondent was not contacted at the initial attempt.
The US population that relies solely on mobile phones is 34% by 2012.
Findings from US surveys in the US are based on a standard national telephone sample of the organization, which consists of random-digit-dial telephone (RDD) examples supported by the list using a proportional stratified sampling design. The computer randomly generates a Gallup call phone number from all functioning phone exchanges (first three numbers of your local phone number) and unlisted phone numbers; thus, Gallup is possible to call unlisted phone numbers as well as registered phone numbers.
In every household being reached by land, interviews are sought with adults 18 years of age or older who live in households who will have their next birthday. Gallup does not use the same procedure of selecting respondents when making calls to mobile phones because they are usually associated with one individual rather than shared among several household members. Gallup Daily tracking includes Spanish interviews for Spanish respondents and interviews in Alaska and Hawaii.
When the interviewee was interviewed randomly selected, every adult had the same chance of falling into the sample. The typical sample size for a Gallup poll, either a stand-alone poll or one-night interview from Gallup Daily tracking, is 1,000 national adults with a margin of error of  ± 4 percentage points. The daily Gallup tracking process now allows Gallup analysts to collect larger interview groups for more detailed subgroup analyzes. But the accuracy of the estimates obtained only slightly increased with larger sample sizes.
After Gallup collects and processes the survey data, each respondent is weighted so that the demographic characteristics of the total sample weighted respondent match the latest estimates of the demographic characteristics of the adult population available from the U.S. Census Bureau. Gallup weights data for census estimates for gender, race, age, educational attainment, and region.
Data are weighed daily by the number of adults in the household and the dependence of respondents on mobile phones, to adjust to the imbalance in the selection probability. The data is then weighed to compensate for nonrandom nonresponse, using targets from the US Census Bureau for age, region, gender, education, Hispanic ethnicity, and race. The resulting sample represents about 95% of all US households.
Accuracy
From 1936 to 2008, Gallup Polls correctly predicted the winner of the presidential election with the notable exception of the 1948 Thomas Dewey-Harry S. Truman election, in which almost all survey agencies predicted Dewey's victory (which also led to the famous title Dewey Defeats Truman), and 1976 , when they inaccurately projected a narrow victory by Gerald Ford over Jimmy Carter. For the 2008 US presidential election, Gallup correctly predicted the winner, but was ranked 17th out of 23 polling organizations in terms of election precision before the election compared to the final result.
In 2012, Gallup's last election survey had Mitt Romney at 49% and Barack Obama at 48%, compared to the last election showing Obama with 51.1% to 47.2% of Romney. Nate Silver poll analysts found that Gallup's results were the most inaccurate of the 23 major polling companies analyzed by Silver, having averaged the highest false to 7.2 points from the final result. Frank Newport, the chief editor of Gallup, responded to criticism by stating that Gallup only made national popular vote estimates rather than predicting winners and that their latest polls were in statistical margin of error. Newport also criticized analysts such as Silver who collect and analyze other peoples polls, stating that "It's much easier, cheaper, and mostly less risky to focus on aggregates and analyze other people's polls."
In 2012, poll analyst Mark Blumenthal criticized Gallup for a small but routine under-weighting blacks and Hispanic Americans who caused about 2% shift in support from Barack Obama. At the same time, Blumenthal praised Gallup for "an admirable commitment to transparency" and suggested that other polling companies disclose their raw data and methodology.
In 2013, the accuracy of Gallup polls on religious beliefs is questionable. The Gallup Polls on religiosity in the US have produced somewhat different results from other studies on religious matters, including a 2012 study by the Pew Research Center, which found that those without religious affiliation are fast-growing demographic groups in the US.
Gallup World Poll
In 2005, Gallup started the World Poll, which is constantly observing citizens in 160 countries, representing over 98% of the world's adult population. Gallup World Poll consists of over 100 global questions as well as region-specific items. These include the following global indices: law and order, food and shelter, institutions and infrastructure, good jobs, welfare, and brain benefits. Gallup also works with organizations, cities, governments, and countries to create custom items and indexes to gather information about specific topics of interest.
Gallup World Poll Methodology
Gallup interviewed about 1,000 residents per country. The target population is the entire civilian population, non-institutionalized, age 15 and older. Gallup asks each survey question respondent in his own language to produce statistically comparable results. Gallup uses telephone surveys in countries where phone coverage represents at least 80% of the population. Where telephone penetration is less than 80%, Gallup uses face-to-face interviews.
Gallup Press
Gallup Inc.'s internal publishing division, Gallup Press, has published over 30 books on businesses and themes related to personal well-being, including some of the best sellers. Well-known titles include First, Break All the Rules: What The Strongest Done Managers Are In The World Differently , How Close Is Your Bucket? , written by Gallup senior scientist Tom Rath and his grandfather Don Clifton, founder of SRI,
Legal
Alleged violation of the Fraudulent Claim Act and Supply Integrity Act
In July 2013, the US Department of Justice announced that Gallup had agreed to pay $ 10.5 million to settle allegations that it had violated the Fraudulent Claim Act and the Procurement Integrity Act for actions involving multiple federal and subcontracted contracts. The settlement has resolved the allegations in a complaint filed by the United States in November 2012. The complaint alleges that Gallup has deliberately overestimated his actual working hours in proposals to the US Mint and State Department for contracts and task orders to be provided without competition. Because of Gallup's behavior, the complaint was alleged, two federal agents gave Gallup's contract and duty orders at a fake price. The settlement also resolved allegations that Gallup was involved in undue work negotiations with Federal Emergency Agency (FEMA) official Timothy Cannon to get FEMA subcontracts at inflated prices and additional FEMA funding after subcontracting was granted. The allegations against Gallup were originally filed in a lawsuit filed under the whistleblower provisions of the False Claim Act by Michael Lindley, Director of the Gallup Client Services. As a result of the settlement with Gallup, Lindley will receive $ 1,929,363 as part of the government recovery. Under the settlement, no prosecution and no assignment of responsibility.
See also
- Gallup's most admired man and woman poll
- List of The Most Famous People In The Gallup 20th Century
- George H. Gallup House
References
Further reading
- Boudway, Ira. "True or False, Gallup Always Wins, Bloomberg BusinessWeek November 12, 2012
- Cantril, Hadley. Gauging Public Opinion (1944)
- Converse, Jean M. Survey Research in the United States: Roots and Emergence 1890-1960 (1987)
- Gallup, George, ed. The Gallup Poll: Public Opinion, 1935-1971 (3 vol 1972), compilation of reports on thousands of Gallup polls.
- Gallup, George. Public Opinion in Democracy (1939),
- Gallup, George. Advanced Polling Observer Guide (1972)
- Moore, David W. The Superpollsters: How They Measure and Manipulate Public Opinion in America (1995) online edition
- Roll, Jr., Charles W. and Albert H. Cantril; Poll: Their Use and Abuse in the Politics (1972) online edition
External links
- Official website
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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